National
clothing is one of the main elements of the ethnic group. In ancient Ukrainian
clothing also played ceremonial, social or gender-age features.
The first
function, however, was protective. It is the oldest, because the first task was
to protect body from cold, insect bites or other irritations. Number and type
of clothing depended on different climatic conditions in which our ancestors
lived.
In the
Carpathians, common breast sleeveless dress was sleeveless fur (keptar), the
hill - it was made from cloth. People from Precarpathians (Boyky, Hutsuly, Lemky)
had leather shoes, which corresponded to the climatic characteristics of the
region.
Keptar
Hutsuly
Great
importance was also ceremonial function. Our ancestors believed that the world
is populated by powerful spirits, the living dead, and lot of good and evil
magic. That’s why clothes and meet old ideas, but some of its elements were
designed to protect people from the effects of evil spirits. For example, it
was embroidery. It was applied to shirts and other items. Location, colors and
ornaments served as amulets or protective elements. Security elements were
girls’ wreaths and ribbons. Over time, the role of guarding of many elements
was forgotten. Ancestors began to wear and paint clothes for aesthetic
appearance (to look good).
Some of clothes
performing ritual function. For example, in wedding, maternity or funeral
rites. These elements included towels (Rushnyky), Kachachi; Kryzhmo; white or
black Hustka.
In some
ceremonies people wearing clothes worn inside out, wearing clothes of the
opposite sex, wore coat in summer, or performed certain rituals being naked.
The colors
and decorations were also important. In our ancestors wedding color was red and
white – it was funeral. But, since the 19-20 century, under the influence of
Europe, our ancestors began to use white for weeding and black for funeral.
Clothing can
show you the ethnic group to which the person belongs. Indeed, in various
ethnic groups clothes had some differences. Eventually Hutsul or Volyn costumes
began the Ukrainian national. Clothing could also determine the origin of man,
his social status.
Certain
items of clothing could wear only old people, children or unmarried girls.
Women often wore headscarves (hustky), while unmarried girls wore wreaths
(vinky), thus showing their marital status.
The main
types of clothes were: Underwear, waist, chest, upper, belt, shoes and
headdresses.
Girl with wreath (vinok)
Rushnyk
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